Introduction
Olympic Weightlifting is a sport where athletes compete for the total weight of 2 lifts: the snatch along with the clean & jerk. The education methods found in Weightlifting will also be utilized by Strength & Conditioning coaches as a way of weight training to get a great deal of other sports. One of the first factors behind exploiting various weight training modalities such is for power development. There are several variations on the party theme of power training. A few of these training modalities include plyometrics (Wilson, Elliot & Wood 1990), assisted and resisted training (Faccioni 1993a; 1993b) and speed and acceleration drills (Cinkovich 1992). A trendy method accustomed to increase athletic power is Olympic Weightlifting (ie power cleans, push presses, snatches, jump jerks and their variations) conducted in the weight room (Garhammer, 1993). It’s traditionally been seen as an efficient way of manufacturing general explosive ability (Takano 1992; Stone 1993; Garhammer & Gregor 1992). However, there are other important considerations that demand to get addressed when implementing Olympic lifting exercises into the Strength & Conditioning program of your athlete, many of these include movement competency, training age, sport and training time with athlete. The purpose of this post by Elite Performance Institute (EPI) is usually to give you a biomechanical and physiological discussion why weightlifting work outs are beneficial to improve athletic performance and exactly how they should be performed inside a training program. For more information, check out www.epicertification.com
Power Defined
Power has been understood to be the optimal mix of speed and strength to create movement (Chu 1996). More specifically, power represents draught beer the athlete to create high amounts of work through certain distance. The harder power an athlete possesses the better the level of work performed (Wilson 1992). Power is a mix of strength and speed:
POWER = FORCE (strength) X VELOCITY (speed of motion)
There are several physiological and neural adaptations which comprise the force component (Moritani 1992). Physiological adaptations to strength contain more muscular tissues through hypertrophy, connective tissue density and bone integrity (Tesch 1992a). Neural adaptations (Schmidtbleicher 1992) which can be produced are: (1) increased recruitment of motor units; (2) increased firing rate of motor neurones; (3) synchronised firing of motor neurones; (4) rise in intra-muscular coordination; and (5) rise in inter-muscular coordination.
Speed of motion is composed of a variety of interrelated factors (Ackland & Bloomfield 1995). These are generally; (1) muscle fibre type; (2) skill; (3) muscle insertion points; (4) lever length; (5) muscular posture; and (6) elastic energy standby time with the series elastic component.
Olympic Weightling exercises facilitate progression of the middle (Strength-Speed and Speed-Strength) in the force-velocity (FV) curve (see above). The FV curve acts a guide to Strength & Conditioning Certification regarding the kind of strength developed from each exercise, session or phase of training in the program. Because of this, the force & Conditioning coach can effectively plan which kind of power they would like to develop and which training modality (powerlifting, Olympic liftining, plyometrics, etc) is best utilised to elicit these adaptations.
Conclusion
Concern still exists regarding ef?cacy of including Olympic weightlifting exercises in the weight training programs of athletes in sports aside from weightlifting. These concerns generally belong to 3 broad categories: 1) Perceived time necessary to learn the movements because of the complexity in the lifts. 2) An absence of comprehension of the opportunity bene?ts which can be based on performing Olympic lifting exercises correctly. 3) Concern over the potential for injury as a result of performing these weightlifting movements.
It really is evident there is a large number of biomechanical benefits of performing these lifts with limited disadvantages. The biggest risk has been in the perceived danger of performing these lifts. Judging by the data presented by Brian Hammill in the British Weightlifting Association (BWLA), it could be stated with con?dence that this injury risk can be as low or less than most sports as long as there’s quali?ed supervision given by certi?ed Strength and Conditioning coach who are competed in coaching the weightlifting movements.
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