Nicotine, a compound most commonly located in the plants in the Solanaceae family, is an alkaloid which is found accumulated inside the leaves of these plants, although the biosynthesis of this chemical occurs in the roots in the plants. Nicotine is one of the major aspects of addictive plants like tobacco (0.6%-3.0%) which is the real reason for their addiction in humans because psychoactive nature.
The follow are 10 interesting information about how much nicotine is in a Cegarette.
1. Etymology
The name nicotine arises from the scientific name in the tobacco plant Nicotiana tabacum. The scientific name in the tobacco plant is itself named in france they ambassador to Portugal Jean Nicot de Villemain. Villeman is credited for sending tobacco seeds and plant saplings to Paris in 1560 for its used in medicinal purposes.
2. Extraction
Nicotine was basically purchased from the tobacco plant by German physician Dr. Wilhelm Heinrich Posselt and chemist Karl Ludwig Reimann in 1828. After its discovery Posselt and Reimann labelled it as a poison. The truth is nicotine is an antiherbivore chemical, which in turn causes addiction when consumed in control (1mg or fewer) and death if consumed high amounts (30mg-60mg).
3. Chemistry
Nicotine is an alkaloid with the chemical formula C10H14N2. Its IUPAC name is 3[2,5-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridine. It possesses a molecular mass of 162.12g/mol. Nicotine can be a hygroscopic liquid which is miscible with water as a nitrogenous base. Its density is 1.01g/cm3, melting point -79oC and boiling point 247oC. The nicotine molecule has a half duration of Two hours and its metabolism is hepatic. Nicotine is also optically active and it has two enantiomeric forms.
4. Nicotine as a possible insecticide
As already said nicotine is an antiherbivore drug which if consumed large amounts is fatal your forms. That is why nicotine laden tobacco was used as a possible insecticide before the globe War II. But as soon as the WWII its usage drastically lowered due to accessibility to cheap synthetic insecticides for the best easily accessible than tobacco much less bad for mammals. But in the recent times the hype surrounding organic farming has again increased the interest in the farmers inside the using tobacco as a pesticide as a possible alternate to chemical pesticides.
5. Nicotine addiction
Our nervous system has certain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Nicotine binds to a few of these and increases the volume of several neurotransmitters. Of these neurotransmitters dopamine is a such neurotransmitter which is significantly increased during nicotine use which is to blame for the experience of euphoria and relaxation due to the use of tobacco (nicotine) products.
6. Psychoactive connection between nicotine
Nicotine can be a psychoactive substance as it’s mood altering. It causes both euphoria and relaxation. Within the body nicotine is metabolised inside the liver. First after its metabolism nicotine results in the production of glucose from the liver and epinephrine from the adrenal medulla. This sudden relieve glucose and epinephrine causes euphoria as soon as the consumption of nicotine. As soon as the initial euphoria nicotine results in relaxation, increased alertness and sharpness by implementing different neurotransmitters in the body. Nicotine boasts pain relieving properties.
7. Unwanted effects of nicotine intake
Tough it appears as if nicotine is a wonderful substance to boost one’s sharpness, induce calmness and elevate one’s mood there are more negative areas of nicotine intake than positive. Of these the commonest side effects of nicotine intake are an increased likelihood of hypertension and strokes. It can be sad that many cigarette a man smokes reduces his expected life by 14 years. Moreover since nicotine has been found to impact the working of Estrogen on hippocampus, hence in the end nicotine users are inclined to amnesia and other connected diseases.
8. Toxicity
Nicotine is considered to be more toxic than most popular drugs like heroin and cocaine. More harm is performed by nicotine on the body of a human since it is readily absorbed through the bloodstream and reaches the mind over the lungs within 7 seconds of its intake either orally or as the nicotine patch.
9. Utilization of nicotine in medical science
Though nicotine isn’t a doctor’s closest friend, it is yet not his worst foe. Nicotine known for its pain relieving properties has been researched upon for use as a potential prescribed analgesic minus its side effects. Nicotine has been found to reduce preeclampsia, allergic asthma; among others by becoming an anti-inflammatory agent.
10. Nicotine in literature
Nicotine continues to be personified in popular literature as Nick O’ Teen, a humanoid villainous character in Superman comics which has been created as an element of anti-nicotine drive to coach children concerning the ill-effects of nicotine intake in any form.
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